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Wood Duck

Aix sponsa

Floor
10" × 10"
Interior height
24"
Entrance hole
3.0"×4.0" oval
Mount height
4–20 ft
Breeds
Mar–Jul
Broods / yr
1–2
Cool Facts

Things you didn't know about the Wood Duck

01

Wood Ducks are one of the most colorful waterfowl in the world — males have iridescent green crests, white facial markings, and chestnut chests.

02

Day-old ducklings leap from nest cavities up to 50 ft above ground, bouncing on the leaf litter and following their mother to water.

03

Wood Duck populations crashed in the early 1900s due to overhunting and habitat loss; nest box programs are credited with their full recovery.

Attract Them

How to bring the Wood Duck to your yard

Wood Ducks use large nest boxes mounted over or near water. A box on a properly-sited pond can attract a pair.

Box placement

Mount a Wood Duck box on a metal pole or post over water, or facing water at the edge — 4–6 ft above water level. Add wood shavings inside.

Food

They feed on aquatic vegetation, acorns, and invertebrates — no feeders. Plant native oaks and water plants.

Water

Permanent water with overhanging cover is essential.

Competitors

Starlings can occupy boxes; predator guards on the pole stop raccoons.

Avoid

Don't mount on a tree without a predator guard; raccoons climb readily.

Range & Habitat

Where you'll find them

A North American waterfowl of swamps and forested wetlands, with separate eastern and western populations.

By region
  • Eastern US (breeding)

    Common breeder throughout the eastern half of the country, especially in bottomland hardwood swamps.

  • Pacific Northwest & California

    Year-round resident in suitable wetland habitat.

  • Southern US (year-round)

    Resident from Florida through the Gulf Coast and into Mexico.

  • Mexico (winter)

    Northern populations winter through northeastern Mexico.

Habitat preferences

Wooded swamps, beaver ponds, river bottomlands, and forested edges of lakes. Always near standing water with overhanging trees.

wooded wetlands swamps rivers ponds
Approximate range centroids — see the regional breakdown above for the specifics
Seasonal Care

When to install. When to clean.

Install by
By February
Cleaning
September — wash and refill with 4" wood shavings
Southern US
2 broods possible; install by late January.
Northern range
Single brood; install by March.

Mount over or near water; 4" of wood shavings on floor — duck eggs need an insulating layer.