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Open-Front Nester Open

Barn Swallow

Hirundo rustica

Floor
6" × 6"
Interior height
6"
Mount height
8–12 ft
Breeds
May–Aug
Broods / yr
2
Cool Facts

Things you didn't know about the Barn Swallow

01

Barn Swallows are the most cosmopolitan swallow on Earth — they breed on every continent except Antarctica.

02

They construct their open mud-cup nest pellet by pellet, gathering 1,000+ mud balls and shaping them with their beaks.

03

Their tail streamers are used in mate selection: females prefer males with longer, more symmetrical tails.

Attract Them

How to bring the Barn Swallow to your yard

Barn Swallows want overhead shelter and an opening in the wall. If you have a barn, garage, or shed they can fly into, you may already be set.

Box placement

Mount the open shelf or a small mud-cup support 8–15 ft up under a roof, against a vertical wall. They need overhead cover and side wall to attach the nest.

Water

Mud puddles within ¼ mile are essential nest material. A small mud patch in your yard during dry weather can attract a colony.

Food

Aerial insects only. Plant native flowers and leave a no-mow area to support insect populations.

Cover & landscaping

Open flight space around the structure — they need clear approach paths in and out.

Avoid

Don't knock down old nests in winter; pairs return to the same site for life. The nests need only minor repairs each spring.

Range & Habitat

Where you'll find them

An aerial insectivore with one of the largest natural ranges of any songbird — breeds across North America, Europe, and Asia, winters in Africa and South America.

By region
  • North America (breeding)

    Common breeder from Alaska to Newfoundland, south to Texas. Breeds especially around farms, bridges, and other human structures.

  • Europe & Asia (breeding)

    Breeds from the British Isles through Russia and Japan, south to North Africa and the Middle East.

  • Africa & South America (winter)

    Northern populations winter throughout sub-Saharan Africa and across most of South America.

Habitat preferences

Open country with man-made structures: farms, barns, bridges, culverts, garages. They almost never nest in natural settings anymore.

open areas farmland barns under eaves
Approximate range centroids — see the regional breakdown above for the specifics
Fledge Kit

The right house for the Barn Swallow

Open-Front Series

Open Shelf — Small

No entrance hole, no front wall — just a sheltered ledge. Includes drainage and the integrated mounting tab.

See the full lineup
Seasonal Care

When to install. When to clean.

Install by
By late April
Cleaning
September after fall departure
Europe
Breeds May–July; declining due to barn-conversion and pesticide impact on insect prey — boxes meaningfully help.

Long-distance migrant from sub-Saharan Africa (European population) or South America (North American population). One of the most cosmopolitan songbirds on Earth.